Hi Netmanias, You guys made LTE learning Easy for freshers also. Please Upload some Technical Documents related to PCRF call flows in Detail. because i am working on PCRF project.
Thank you.
Netmanias2014-05-23 23:49:55
We are preparing a technical document on Policy and Charging Control (PCC), and it will be posted by mid-June. Thank you..
Rakesh2014-07-21 08:26:12
On S11 interface, does it provide GTP tunnel per bearer?? I think it should be GTP tunnel per user on S11 Interface.
Netmanias2014-07-28 18:36:42
Hi Rakesh,
Thank you for noticing the error.
We have fixed it and posted the updated file. Thank you again for your kine comment and sorry for the late reply.
Pinal Patel2014-09-03 21:20:28
Good One.
JP Singh2014-09-16 17:10:51
Hi,
Could you please provide LTE roaming call establishing e2e doccuments.
Thanks for sharing valuable doccuments on LTE.
email id: singh.jp111@gmail.com
Mohammad Arabi2014-11-03 21:12:05
Hi
In LTE network how many MME is needed? or How many user one MME can support?
Vincent2014-12-17 17:54:27
Netmanias LTE series would be best of the best to understand LTE network. Thank you alot!
NGUYEN THI TAM2015-02-06 01:53:21
hi, I think that: there are two way for offline charging is OFCS and CG. They use interface Gz (incluce Ga and Rf). If it is OFCS, the interface is Rf and uses Diameter protocol. If it is CG, the interface is Ga and uses GTP' protocol. Please check again!
Rajeswari.pothuraju@gmail.com2015-05-04 22:57:33
In Above Diagram it shows Interface b/w OFCS and P-GW is Gz which will use GTP Protocol .. but Gz is actually uses diameter protocol isn't it ?? got confused can u pls explain it clearly
Chris Yoo2015-05-08 04:07:52
Hi, Nguyen & Rajeswari,
As far as I know OFCS can have both Gz (GTP') and Rf (Diameter) interfaces as shown figure below.
If my understading is correct, the Netmanias document (figure 3 above) is not wrong.
Kim Son Nguyen2015-05-05 17:42:46
Hello everyone!
I don't understand this paragraph
"When a GTP tunnel is established on the S1-U interface, the S-GW assigns a TEID (UL S1-TEID in Figure 4(a)) for uplink traffic and the eNB assigns a TEID (DL S1-TEID in Figure 4(b)) for downlink traffic."
The eNB encapsulates the user IP packets with the S1 GTP tunnel header and forwards the resulting outer IP packets to the S-GW.
So why S-GW assigns TEID for uplink traffic? Why not eNB assigns??
John Lee2015-05-09 03:54:50
The S-GW, based on the value "UL S1-TEID" in the received packet from the eNB, figures out to which P-GW and with what "UL S5-TEID" to send the packet. If eNB assings "UL S1-TEID", there's no way to know mapping between "UL S1-TEID" and "UL S5-TEID" in S-GW.
That is, packet receving node should assigns TEID as shown below:
- UL S1-TEID is assinged by S-GW during attach procedure, then eNB uses UL S1-TEID when it sends packet to S-GW
- UL S5-TEID is assinged by P-GW during attach procedure, then S-GW uses UL S5-TEID when it sends packet to P-GW
- DL S5-TEID is assinged by S-GW during attach procedure, then P-GW uses DL S5-TEID when it sends packet to S-GW
- DL S1-TEID is assinged by eNB during attach procedure, then S-GW uses DL S1-TEID when it sends packet to eNB
For more information you can refer to the link below:
This is srilakshmi.
could you please share a document on LTE roaming and how does charing works for roaming in lte.
Fabrice2015-12-20 03:46:43
This introduction was well done. Please help us with more insight with topic like DRX, Power, scheduling and others more.
Hari2017-04-04 18:46:50
Hi,
Thanks for sharing the Info on LTE,,its worth usefull.Thanks a Lot.
Hari
Sumanthkumar2017-10-29 04:20:47
HI,
thanks for the info..
can we download the pdf files for the same.
vineet_agr@yahoo.com2018-01-16 15:00:07
The follwoing queries are on UE side.
1) What is the mechanism used at UE to select the PDCP Entity for UL IP pakcets?
2) Is DHCP used to get the assined at UE with DHCP server running on PGW and client on UE?
John2018-01-16 15:09:06
According to the 3GPP standards, UE can get IP address using DHCP protocol, but it is not common in real network. Usually UE will get IP address from P-GW during LTE attach procedure (with no DHCP procedure). You can find IP address allocation document at https://www.netmanias.com/en/?m=view&id=techdocs&no=7246
vineet_agr@yahoo.com2018-01-19 20:44:15
Thanks for providing information on query #2. It was really helpful
Any information on #1?
Ajith Adapa2019-09-13 05:10:37
Good One
santosh2020-05-13 16:41:36
Very Good Article. Thank you for sharing
Mahesh Savkur2020-06-21 23:07:57
IS IT REQUIRED TO HAVE PCRF FOR A CAPATIVE NETWORK LIKE INTRA RAILWAYS NETWORK?
info@celitech.com2020-06-27 08:57:34
Thank you for this very informative & detailed article Netmanias.
You guys made LTE learning Easy for freshers also. Please Upload some Technical Documents related to PCRF call flows in Detail. because i am working on PCRF project.
Thank you.
Thank you..
On S11 interface, does it provide GTP tunnel per bearer?? I think it should be GTP tunnel per user on S11 Interface.
Hi Rakesh,
Thank you for noticing the error.
We have fixed it and posted the updated file.
Thank you again for your kine comment and sorry for the late reply.
Good One.
Hi,
Could you please provide LTE roaming call establishing e2e doccuments.
Thanks for sharing valuable doccuments on LTE.
email id: singh.jp111@gmail.com
Hi
In LTE network how many MME is needed? or How many user one MME can support?
Netmanias LTE series would be best of the best to understand LTE network. Thank you alot!
hi, I think that: there are two way for offline charging is OFCS and CG. They use interface Gz (incluce Ga and Rf). If it is OFCS, the interface is Rf and uses Diameter protocol. If it is CG, the interface is Ga and uses GTP' protocol. Please check again!
In Above Diagram it shows Interface b/w OFCS and P-GW is Gz which will use GTP Protocol .. but Gz is actually uses diameter protocol isn't it ?? got confused can u pls explain it clearly
Hi, Nguyen & Rajeswari,
As far as I know OFCS can have both Gz (GTP') and Rf (Diameter) interfaces as shown figure below.
If my understading is correct, the Netmanias document (figure 3 above) is not wrong.
Hello everyone!
I don't understand this paragraph
"When a GTP tunnel is established on the S1-U interface, the S-GW assigns a TEID (UL S1-TEID in Figure 4(a)) for uplink traffic and the eNB assigns a TEID (DL S1-TEID in Figure 4(b)) for downlink traffic."
The eNB encapsulates the user IP packets with the S1 GTP tunnel header and forwards the resulting outer IP packets to the S-GW.
So why S-GW assigns TEID for uplink traffic? Why not eNB assigns??
The S-GW, based on the value "UL S1-TEID" in the received packet from the eNB, figures out to which P-GW and with what "UL S5-TEID" to send the packet. If eNB assings "UL S1-TEID", there's no way to know mapping between "UL S1-TEID" and "UL S5-TEID" in S-GW.
That is, packet receving node should assigns TEID as shown below:
- UL S1-TEID is assinged by S-GW during attach procedure, then eNB uses UL S1-TEID when it sends packet to S-GW
- UL S5-TEID is assinged by P-GW during attach procedure, then S-GW uses UL S5-TEID when it sends packet to P-GW
- DL S5-TEID is assinged by S-GW during attach procedure, then P-GW uses DL S5-TEID when it sends packet to S-GW
- DL S1-TEID is assinged by eNB during attach procedure, then S-GW uses DL S1-TEID when it sends packet to eNB
For more information you can refer to the link below:
https://www.netmanias.com/en/?m=view&id=blog&no=5928
good, thanks
Hi John Lee
Thank you very much!
Hi,
This is srilakshmi.
could you please share a document on LTE roaming and how does charing works for roaming in lte.
This introduction was well done. Please help us with more insight with topic like DRX, Power, scheduling and others more.
Hi,
Thanks for sharing the Info on LTE,,its worth usefull.Thanks a Lot.
Hari
HI,
thanks for the info..
can we download the pdf files for the same.
The follwoing queries are on UE side.
1) What is the mechanism used at UE to select the PDCP Entity for UL IP pakcets?
2) Is DHCP used to get the assined at UE with DHCP server running on PGW and client on UE?
According to the 3GPP standards, UE can get IP address using DHCP protocol, but it is not common in real network. Usually UE will get IP address from P-GW during LTE attach procedure (with no DHCP procedure). You can find IP address allocation document at https://www.netmanias.com/en/?m=view&id=techdocs&no=7246
Thanks for providing information on query #2. It was really helpful
Any information on #1?
Good One
Very Good Article. Thank you for sharing
IS IT REQUIRED TO HAVE PCRF FOR A CAPATIVE NETWORK LIKE INTRA RAILWAYS NETWORK?
Thank you for this very informative & detailed article Netmanias.
Team Celitech.
Why there is no BMC layer in LTE?
Hi Netmanias
how much TEID will be, if more than 2 UE attach on LTE, is it equal to number of UE supported, or just only one, and using together all UEs