​We are pleased to share with you all an interesting article contributed by Leonardo Zanoni Pedrini. Leonardo Zanoni Pedrini Telecom Consultant at Telefônica Brasil (Telefônica | Vivo) All Articles by Leonardo Zanoni Pedrini...

Netmanias interview with China Mobile at MWCS 2015: 4G evolution (LTE-Advanced, 4.5G) technologies Part 1. LTE-Advanced ► Part 2. 4.5G (TDD+) 4.5G (TDD Evolution, TDD+) China Mobile also introduced some TDD+ (also known as TDD evolution), which can be called "not quite 5G yet, but 4.5G" technologies, in cooperation with Huawei. The figure below shows the concept of 4.5G, along...

We are pleased to share with you all an interesting article contributed by Rajarshi Pathak who is AVP, Enterprise Applications at Measat Broadcast Network Systems Sdn Bhd. Rajarshi Pathak AVP, Enterprise Applications at Measat Broadcast Network Systems Sdn Bhd All Articles by Rajarshi P...

We are pleased to share with you all an interesting article contributed by Rajarshi Pathak who is AVP, Enterprise Applications at Measat Broadcast Network Systems Sdn Bhd. Rajarshi Pathak AVP, Enterprise Applications at Measat Broadcast Network Systems Sdn Bhd All Articles by Rajarshi P...

On December 7th, "5G Network Technologies Workshop", co-hosted by 5G Forum and SDN/NFV Forum, was held in Novotel Ambassador Kangnam Hotel in Seoul, Korea. At the workshop, panels including Jinhyo Park (Head of Network Technology R&D Center at SK Telecom), Eun Kyung Paik (SVP at KT) and Kyung In Kwon (SVP at Ericsson-LG), gave presentations about "5G Network Technologies and Future", specifical...

Today, we will find more about LTE GTP tunnels that we have discussed previously. In the Figure below, GTP tunnels are established in the link from the eNB to the S-GW and from the S-GW to the P-GW. Downlink (DL): From PDN (Internet) to UE 1. A packet (Source IP=www.google.com, Destination IP=UE) is sent from the Internet to the P-GW. 2. The P-GW compares the five...

안녕하세요? Netmanias Blog입니다. 현재 Netmanias Blog에서는 Network Protocol, LTE, Wi-Fi, Contents Networking 등 다양한 분야의 기술들에 대해서 소개를 드리고 있습니다. 혹시 이 Netmanias Blog에 관심이 있으신 분들이 계시다면, 그래서 하루에 한번씩 넷매니아즈에 방문하셔서 Netmanias Blog를 읽는 분이 계시다면요. 현재 하시고 계시는, 관심가지고 있는 기술 분야의 Netmanias Blog 내용만 보지 마시구요. 혹시 내 분야와 전혀 상관이 없다고 해도 새로운 기술용어와 친숙해 지는 기회로 삼아 "가벼운" 마음으로 읽어 주세요. 왜냐하면 요즘과 같은 Convergence 시대에서는 벤더가 하나의 특정 기술로만 시...

LTE GTP 터널에 대한 두번째 소개 시간입니다. 그림에서 GTP tunnel은 eNB와 S-GW 그리고 S-GW와 P-GW간에 형성됩니다. 하향(DL): PDN(Internet)에서 UE 방향 1) 인터넷에서 P-GW로 패킷(Source IP=www.google.com, Destination IP=UE)이 수신됩니다. 2) P-GW는 수신한 패킷의 5-tuple (Source IP, Destination IP, Protocol ID, Source Port, Destination Port)을 자신이 가지고 있는 DL TFT과 비교하여(5-tuple 기반의 classification 수행) 어떤 EPS Bearer(GTP tunnel)에 본 패킷을 실...

Netmanias interview with China Mobile at MWCS 2015: 4G evolution (LTE-Advanced, 4.5G) technologies ► Part 1. LTE-Advanced Part 2. 4.5G (TDD+) Earlier in July, China hosted MWC Shanghai 2015 (MWCS 2015), and Netmanias was there as a media partner of the event, analyzing LTE evolution and 5G strategies of many global leading operators and vendors. Today, we will look into 4G and 5G...

KT announced that it succeeded in commercialization of the world’s first wireless 1 Giga service, called “GiGA LTE". The service is known to have achieved speeds 15 times faster than the current LTE, through combining two heterogeneous networks: LTE and WiFi. Previously, the company has released “GiGA Internet” in October 2014, and “GiGA WiFi Home” in March 2...

사용자 경험에 기반한 EMM 시나리오와 11가지 EMM Case들 문서를 참고하시고 본 문서를 읽기 바랍니다. LTE EMM Procedure: 1. Initial Attach for Unknown UE 1편에 이어 EMM Case 1에 대한 망 초기 접속 절차를 다룬다. 이번 글(2편)에서는 처음으로 망에 접속하는 사용자의 초기 접속 절차를 (1) Acquisition of IMSI, (2) Authentication, (3) NAS Security Setup, (4) Location Update, (5) EPS Session Establishment로 나누어 상세히 소개한다. 목차 4. Initial Attach...

We are pleased to share with you all an interesting article contributed by Dean Bubley who is mobile & telecom sector analyst, expert consultant & conference speaker. Dean Bubley Founder and Director at Disruptive Analysis All Articles by Dean Bubley...

We are pleased to share with you all an interesting article contributed by Astro Ahmed - Interesting areas [Artificial Intelligence, 5G, LTE, Cognitive Radio, Embedded Systems, IoT, Quantum physics] Astro Ahmed Fresh Graduate Telecommunication Engineer at GrEEK CAMPUS All Articles...

We are pleased to share with you all an interesting article contributed by Andrew Sinclair who is a hands on, analytical and solutions orientated engineer. Andrew Sinclair Technical Solutions Architect at iomart All Articles by Andrew Sinclair...

The current systems that we are using now, like 3GPP LTE or LTE-A, are commonly called 4G mobile communication systems. Then, what are 5G mobile communication systems? To discuss 5G, we should first look into what the mega trends in mobile services are these days. [M1. Traffic growth] The biggest trend would be soaring demands for multimedia and social network services witnessed recently. As...

We are pleased to share with you all an interesting article contributed by Mohamed Abdel Monem. Mohamed Abdel Monem Radio Optimization Senior Engineer at Vodafone Egypt All Articles by Mohamed Abdel Monem...

본 문서는 IP 주소 할당 방법의 응용편으로, 지역적으로 떨어져 있는 도시들로 구성된 LTE 망에서 IP 주소를 할당하는 방법을 다룬다. 유동 IP 주소를 할당하는 경우, 사용자가 어디에서 접속을 하든 P-GW가 동적으로 선택되고 IP 주소를 동적으로 할당받아 PDN에 연결된다. 고정 IP 주소를 할당하는 경우에는, 항상 동일한 P-GW가 선택되고 동일한 IP 주소를 할당받아 PDN에 연결된다. 두 도시로 구성된 LTE 망을 예로 들어 IP 주소를 할당하는 방법과 절차를 설명하고, 차이점을 살펴본다. 목차 1. 시작하는 글 2. IP 주소 할당 종류 (Types of IP Address Allocati...

LTE Identification에 대한 두 번째 문서로 망 장비(NE;Network Equipment), 단말 위치 및 PDN (Packet data Network)에 대한 식별자를 기술하였다. 망 장비 식별로는 MME, eNB 및 P-GW에 대한 식별자를 기술하고, 단말 위치 식별로는 TA(Tracking Area) 식별자들을 기술하였다. PDN 식별로는 APN(Access Point Name)을 설명하고 마지막으로 이들 식별자들의 특성을 요약 정리하였다. 목차 1. 들어가는 글 2. 망 장비 식별 3. 위치 식별 및 PDN 식별 4. 요약 1. 들어가는...